Here is the list conducted by UTJD to categorise various internment facilities in East Turkistan. More detailed information can be found in our second book. Read more or Get your copy of the book
… the Chinese regime’s “reeducation” campaign began in late 2013, and the first reeducation internment camps were already being built in late 2014, according to one of our testifiers. Also in 2013, the number of new detention centers grew noticeably, and the expansion of existing detention centers started around the same time as well. However, it was not until early 2017 that the construction of reeducation camps became obvious in satellite imagery; moreover, other types of internment facilities also saw a significant increase in number in the course of 2017.
In the following years, the regime started sending innocent Uyghurs and other Turkic peoples to the camps and detention centers. Following the international pressures and opprobrium, and in order to justify its mass internment drive, the regime started transferring Uyghurs from the camps to prisons in 2018, arbitrarily handing out lengthy prison terms.
We would therefore argue that the camp system in East Turkistan is composed of various types of internment facilities, which can be mainly grouped into the following three categories: Prisons (监狱), pretrial/administrative detention centers ( 看守所或拘留所), and reeducation internment camps. We have been able to geolocate 843 (from June 2024) suspected internment sites across East Turkistan, including suspected compulsory isolated drug detoxification centers (强制隔离戒毒所) and some former reeducation through labor camps (劳教所).
Within the category of prisons, we have chosen to include general prisons, juvenile correctional facilities/juvenile prisons (未成年管教所/未成年监狱), laogai prison farms (or reform through labor prison farms 劳改农场监狱), reeducation through labor camps (劳教所), and sick-inmate prisons (病犯监狱).